( Update: 25/07/2018 )
To improve the system of land use in order to improve the efficiency of production per unit of land area flooded lakes and Plei Krong hydropower Ialy, Institute of Agricultural Science for south central coastal implemented the project "Study recruitment choose a short crop varieties, efficient production on submerged land in the reservoir area and Plei Krong hydropower Ialy of Sa Thay district ".
Inheriting the same results have been studied in the area, officials conducted subject research has focused on the selection of drought-tolerant varieties, short and to adapt to climate conditions for spring-summer weather on submerged lands areas hydropower reservoir of objects annual crops; choice of crop growth period equivalent to the duration of the open land area submerged (under 10 months); choice of plant structure effectively and economically suitable lands submerged conditions hydropower reservoir area.
After 3 years of implementation, the Institute of Agricultural Science for south central coast has successfully implemented subject. Selected results are 01 varieties of black beans Binh Dinh not adapt to conditions on land supply water submerged hydroelectric reservoir in summer crop, and SM2075-18 KM98-7 02 varieties adapted to conditions initiative in the country, 01 pumpkin varieties She first adapted to supply water conditions on hydroelectric reservoir partially flooded during the spring-summer; 2 Identify appropriate plant structure on land flooded hydroelectric reservoirs and Plei Krong Ialy in the supply water conditions soybeans spring-summer - summer rice and spring-summer squash - summer rice, 2 engines suitable cropping pattern in the absence of supply water is spring-summer cowpea - pure summer rice and cassava; Has built a model of the structure 6 new plant on land flooded reservoir area and Plei Krong hydropower Ialy; Organization is the first bank 02 to 100 conference participants views on the results of the model building new structures grown on flooded land; 03 proposed cultivation process for the same has been selected.
Introducing readers Process black beans cultivation on flooded land:
1 One of the main characteristics
Black beans of annual herbaceous plants grow, usually vertical, sometimes climbing, hairless body, dual Leaves of 3 leaflets, alternately, together with small leaves; between large and leaflets longer than the side leaflets. 20-30cm long inflorescences; purple flowers.
Legumes erect or inclined, 7- 13cm long, containing 8-10 seeds arranged in tandem larger green beans, usually 5-6 mm long. Black Beans with light sweet, cool features; additional blood work, additional renal involvement; the form of heat, detoxification, lowering gas diuretic.
2 cultivation techniques
2.1. breeding
Currently in the South Central Coast and Highlands primarily use the white and black varieties like green heart to grow black beans (preferably using the same black bean black beans, Binh Dinh and Gia Lai). This black bean varieties growing period from 80-90 days, very easy to grow and does not require strict land.
Seeds should be planted: County to circle, are equal to, bark smooth, no scratches, similar to germination rate above 80%.
2.2. tillage
Black beans adapted to the porous soils, humus, not acidic, not too wet, not dry hardened, well-drained soil and waterlogging.
Plow or hoe flip dry soil, then rake soil or crushed, picked clean of grass and hit the bed with a width of 1.2 m, 35 cm high, depending on the length field area.
2.3. Planting season
- Based on regional climate conditions, habits and local experience to arrange a reasonable time season.
- For the partially flooded the planting season:
Spring + Summer sown from May 2-3 calendar
+ Summer collection sown from May 4-5 calendar
2.4. Planting techniques
Of seeds
Black bean seed needed for one pole or 1.000m2 of 1.8 kg
Planting distance:
- Goods rows 40 cm .; 25 cm between plants.
- Each cavity sown 2 seeds, which can then trim trim
Planting methods
Using a slit plowed into the groove as the distance above and 4 to 5 cm deep, then the entire amount of lime scattered all over the field, and for basal fertilizer (phosphate mixed with manure) and drugs into the slot just slit Basudin , followed by 2 seeds sown in soil cavities and filled again.
Fertilizer (for 1 pole or 1,000 m2)
- Manure 500 kg.
- Fertilizer SA: 15 kg.
- Van Dien Phosphate: 30 kg.
- KCl Potassium: 10 kg.
- Lime: 50 kg.
Method of application
- Lime: To scatter them on the field when the soil one last time, or when to sow furrowing.
- Basal: Mix all the phosphate manure, fertilizer spreader row before sowing.
- Four times 1: 10 days after sowing, weeding combined with 1, 7.5 kg of urea are mixed with 5 kg of SA potassium chloride (KCl) for fertilizer by 10 cm stem black beans, then loosened light soil to fill the assignment.
- Four times 2: 30 days after sowing, weeding combined with 2nd, mix 7.5 kg to 5 kg of urea fertilizer SA potassium chloride (KCl) for fertilizer by 15 cm stem black beans, then loosened light soil to fill the assignment.
3 Care
3.1. planting
After the beans are grown and have 2 test monocot need right field for miles do not grow in the hollows seeds are used to ensure trees per unit area.
3.2. weeding
- Weeding times 1: When the tree grows about 10 days conducting weeding, hoeing and hoeing light headedness break away from the original. At the same time, cut down trees combined spit weak, stunted, diseased.
- Weeding times 2 times 1 After weeding weeding 20 days, soil, earth, 2nd uprooted trees Continued poor growth, disease, deformity to the appropriate final density.
- Weeding 3rd: Before flowering plants need weeding, grubbing and earth, to prevent falling.
3.3. flame arresters
When plants are well cared for black beans, fertilizer complete, it will grow very fast and a lot of young shoots grows stretched. So when black bean flowering geese frequently interrupts the tree leaves to flowers and high yield.
4 Measures pests, diseases
4.1. Pests, diseases
Black bean plants often have worms, diseases: Wait borer, leaf insects, fruit borers, aphids aphids, collar rot, leaf spot, leaf ...
4.2. Preventive measures
- Field sanitation clean.
- Crop rotation with other crops such as rice, corn ...
- Do not spray when the density at depth, to protect natural enemies in the field.
5 Harvesting and storage.
- When yellow fruit has shifted entirely to dark brown then harvested. Fruit picking is finished exposing, hulled grain, compost piles do not. The results of phase 1 and 2 bean pickers have big seeds, unfortunately, does not decay, termites may be used as seed for the next crop.
- County after shelling dried to 10% moisture and removes impurities, grain cleaning and bagging preserved in dry, cool place. During preservation need to be inspected insects.