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Shrimp farming seaweed combine in Mexico

( Update: 07/08/2018 )

Vietnam Seafood) - First challenge of the epidemic, food and ... environmental impact of shrimp farming. Recently, Mexico has developed a model combining seaweed shrimp, promising sustainable development of shrimp industry.
Disease causing reduced productivity
There are no accurate statistics growth industry in Mexico shrimp, but shrimp estimated area of the country increased by 15-20% / year, of which the most tangnhanh Sonora. Shrimp industry in Sonora recent years been expanded, with growth rates of 35-40% / year (this figure is 10-15% in the state of Sinaloa).
2013, many shrimp farmers in Sinaloa large loss due to disease, about 520 ponds with an area of 35,000 ha. Shrimp farming area damage from 15 to 85%, depending on the pond. Many shrimp farms in Sonora and Nayarit also encountered a similar situation. Because the impact of early mortality syndrome (EMS) or syndrome of acute pancreatic necrosis (AHPND), shrimp production in 2013 was estimated to decline sharply Sonora, just the 10000-12000 tons.
Marketing Conference in global fisheries, by the American Fisheries Society (NFI) organization, EMS has been identified as the 4th largest pandemic attack Mexico shrimp industry in the past 23 years. Accordingly, in 2014 the Mexican shrimp difficult to recover, by only about 60% of shrimp farms stocking this year. Many Mexican shrimp production forecasts around 55,000 tonnes in 2014, even 30000-35000 tons. Such output can only serve the domestic market.
 
Open new direction
Recently, scientists have proven Mexico, the Mexico native brown shrimp (Farfantepenaeus californiensis) combined with seaweed sustainable opened. In a report at Aquaculture America 2014, Benjamin Moll, Aonori Aquafarms company explained, in this model combines seaweed shrimp will use high protein food, this will significantly reduce the amount of pellets provide for shrimp.

Seaweed floats on water use CO2, NH3, phosphate, nitrogen and other nutrients excreted by the shrimp and make the water clean in the culture system.
Moll also noted, initial research is done on white shrimp Sinaloa region, but the water temperature is quite high (about 35 º C) not suitable seaweed Ulva (suitable 12-30 º C). To overcome this problem, Mexico brown shrimp are native alternatives vannamei. This brown shrimp species appropriate ambient temperature 20-30 ° C, and the study was moved to San Quintin area with ponds in a greenhouse experiment.
The use of seaweed Ulva reduced feed costs and limit water pollution. The scientists also found, each one produced crawfish 200000-400000 eggs and natural reproduction has occurred successfully, so the shrimp do not need natural supplements in the breeding process. Another benefit of farming systems also reflects in the seaweed Ulva antibacterial, reduce risks for diseases of farmed shrimp. The survival rate of approximately 60% of farmed shrimp.
Although no experimental shrimp in a high growth rate, but the reduction in production costs and create high-quality products has confirmed the success of this farming system, open towards the sustainable development of Mexico shrimp industry.