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Growing basil in a greenhouse for export to EU

( Update: 08/08/2014 )

  (Saigon Times Online) - The fruit and vegetable exports to the EU market difficulties in recent times, by 5 kinds of fresh fruits and vegetables are basil, peppers, celery, bitter gourd and coriander violate the requirements of food safety and plant quarantine. Therefore, the Saigon Economic Times Online would like to introduce cultivation processes basil in a greenhouse eligible to export to the EU market by the Center for Quarantine 2 in Ho Chi Minh City after import supply.

1 Seed and planting season:

- Seed: Seed company TN12 basil Agriculture page. This variety is easy to grow, plants grow better. Leaves large, thick, fat green leaves have a distinct aroma, body purple. In accordance with the EU market tastes. Start time is 30-35 days to harvest after planting.

- Planting season:

Can be grown throughout the year, higher productivity dry season and the rainy season winter-spring season is the most appropriate.

Preparing the Nursery: seed needed for 1 ha about 2-2,5kg. Sowing seeds in Styrofoam trays, no holes. Components can cost 40% vote so decomposed manure, rice husk ash 20%, 40% coir and adding Trichoderma preparations at a rate 5-10%. After sowing the seeds in the tray, preventing sap-feeding insects with drugs such as Kola 600FS, Atonik 1.8DD. When the seedlings were 7 days, then spray vaccine by Viroval 50WP crown rot.

Planting the garden when the plants produce 5-6 leaves (seedlings Time: 20 days). 2-3 days before planting to reduce the amount of water (training seedlings) helps plants hardy, quick recovery after planting.

2 Prepare the soil

Loam soil more porous, well drained. Sprinkle lime powder 20kg / 1000m2, deep plowing, land frontier exposed for 7-10 days prior to the new raised bed. Raised bed 1.1 m wide, 25-30 cm high, 25-30 cm groove. Fertilizing manure, peanut shells, super Lan.

3 irrigation equipment

A greenhouse equipped with two (2) irrigation system: sprinkler system wire rain and drip irrigation systems are controlled automatic irrigation regimes were systematically equipped. Spray regime installed by the time of 10h-11h30, 13h-14h a day. Irrigation water and fertilizer into the planting beds are provided through drip irrigation system was laid on the bed and under the plastic membrane coated on the bed surface.

4 Planting and care

- Planting seedlings planted in beds sized 31 x 1.1m - 38m (width x length, length depends on the length of the planting plots). Planting beds covered with plastic tarpaulins gray perforated, the distance between two holes 25cm x25cm, aisle two rows planted 20 cm. After 5 days, the government planted canvas lined trench to limit weeds.

- Density: 30-40cm rows and between plants 25cm, 30cm distance between the raised bed density of about 50.000cay / ha.

- Prune branches and leaves combined with weeding original: Sprigs should prune and trim the leaves close to the ground, leaving the main stem and tributaries located above (5-6 cm from the root), thus helping to develop good branch , limited disease, large leaves, high yield.

5 Watering and fertilizing

- Nutrient solution and water is supplied simultaneously through drip irrigation systems. Based on nutritional needs and stages of plant growth to determine the concentration of a solution suitable for irrigation. Also, depending on the condition of trees can add nutrients through the leaves associated with plant protection products.

- Before planting seedlings into beds, sprinkler with automatic sprinkler system about 45 minutes to wet the ground after planting sprinkler for about 5 minutes.
  6 Department pests:

6.1. Exclude any possibility of invading pests

1 Clean the inside and weeds around the net.

2 Check the tightness of the net: fix crevices of doors, holes, ... grid. To examine the power grid to floor 1 time per day.

3 Creating the best conditions for plant growth: balanced fertilizer regime, supported devices: ventilation fan, misting system ...

4 Treatment can cost seedlings by Trichoderma.

5 Spray insecticides before planting a greenhouse with botanical pesticides include: Actara 25WG, SK enspray 99EC ...

6 Remove infected plants early in order to avoid the spread of epidemics.

7 Spraying periodic pest management program appropriately and thoroughly.

8 Spraying insecticides around the outside walls of netting, isolation rooms, walkways and places where insects hide.

9 Put yellow sticky traps to trap and monitor insect pests.

10 Spray pesticides pests present in the grid with the appropriate drugs, using drugs allowed in categories. At the close of the harvest should be selected drugs of biological origin, there is a short quarantine period to ensure no residual pesticide residues in animal products.

6.2. Use of plant protection products in the categories permitted under EU standards and ensure isolation time of harvest

- Missed ancient roots: primary disease in the neck damaging the roots, the stem close to the ground. When it appears, if you look closely can see the different colored lesions with bark, this bark was blistering, then gradually spreads around the entire neck or tree roots. Gradually the crisp shell, when it rains or high humidity will rot duct, fall off, the inert core of the tree wood blackened color, the plant will wilt and die slowly. Prevention with drugs: Anvil 5SC. Score ...

- Thrips, aphids, black aphids, red spider: focus on young leaves damage, bud by sucking sap from the leaves shriveled do. Prevention with drugs: Confidor, Actara, Ortus ...

- Deep Green, Deep omnivorous: deep bite out of cotton and young leaves. Prevention of the biological pesticides such as Angun, Silsau super ...

  Note: Due to appear less greenhouse pests, basil is fresh leafy vegetables and harvest time is short so very limited use of pesticides, usually one (01) crop uses only 2 - 3 types of pesticides within 12-14 days after planting to ensure quarantine period at the request of drug and pesticide residues in accordance with EU standards.

7 Harvesting

Before the cotton plant, usually from 21-28 days after planting. Harvest time is cool to avoid wilting leaves after harvest brought in a cool place for storage, conduct leaves, branches that are diseased or deformed leaves do not meet export standards.

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