( Update: 27/08/2014 )
Gum Karaya is the dried exudate of the Sterculia urens tree found in India. Irregular shaped tears form upon drying and are picked and sorted based on size color and amount of bark. When processed to a powder, the color can vary depending on the amount of bark and other foreign organic matter.
Gum Karaya is useful in many applications for its properties as a binding agent, adhesive and its ability to absorb large amounts of water. Much like Gum Tragacanth, Gum Karaya does not form a solution in the usual sense but absorbs water rapidly and swells to create the acidic colloidal solution. While its use in the food industry is limited, Gum Karaya has been utilized in the pharmaceutical as well the dental industry to form uniform smooth gels and pastes.
Gums exudates are amongst the oldest natural gums. They are already being used as thickening and stabilizing agents from last 5000 years. The major exudate gum—gum karaya—possess a unique range of functionalities. It has been import ant items of international trade in the food, pharmaceutical, adhesive, paper, textile, and other industries for centuries. The use of naturally occurring biocompatible polymeric materials has been the focus of recent research activity in the design of dosage forms for oral controlled release administration. This paper reviews the literature on gum karaya and describes the varied a pplications of the gum in drug delivery systems.
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