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Update:
11/03/2015
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Sesame is a short-term industrial crops, can be grown on many different soil types, sesame easier and less disease care. Sesame seeds have a high tolerance to drought conditions should be consistent with climate change and the potential plants in restructuring the current crop in Dong Thap. Sesame seeds have high nutritional value, so used to processed foods such as sesame candy, tea, sesame, sesame oil ... In industry, sesame oil is used to lubricate high-end machines such as machine flying or using paint mixed senior ... Also, sesame is also used in medicine to medicine capsules or used in cosmetics.
I. SOME COMMON sesame seeds:
Depending on the cultivation conditions and purposes, selecting appropriate planting sesame seeds, sesame most common classification is based on the color of the seeds: sesame gold (white) and black sesame or based on the terms on the left: 4 ways, 6 ways, 8 ways ... also known as sesame 4, 6 sesame, sesame 8 following a popular sesame seeds in the Mekong Delta province:
* Sesame V6 (derived from Japanese):
- Growing time 75-80 days.
- Adaptability wide.
- High oil ratio 52-53%.
- 1-1,5tan yield / ha.
Currently, the V6 is the main sesame seeds in the southern provinces; However, the biggest drawback of sesame V6 is susceptible to bacterial wilt. Need seed treatment before sowing
* Sesame gold Chau Phu (An Giang):
- The growing time of 80 days.
- Ability at 2-3 branching stems / plants.
- Plant height of 80-100 cm.
- Capacity 0.9 to 1.2 tonnes / ha.
* Sesame Eastern gold:
- Growing time 75-80 days.
- Branches average 4 branches / trees.
- Plant height of about 70 cm lower.
- The fruit is from four to eight terms.
- High yield of 1.5 tons / ha.
* Yellow Sesame Con Khuong (Can Tho):
- A short growing period of 75 days.
- Branches 4-6 strong branches / trees.
- Plant height of about 90 cm.
- High yield of 1.4 tons / ha.
* Black sesame Tra (Vinh Long)
- The growing time of 95 days.
- Branches 4-6 strong branches / trees.
- Plant height of about 90 cm.
- High yield of 1.4 tons / ha, whereas 4-6 respects.
* Black sesame Cambodia (sourced from India):
- The growing time of 100 days.
- Branches strong, including two primary branches bearing fruit.
- The height of the tree is about 90 -100 cm.
- High yield of 1.6 tons / ha.
- County has many colors (red, white, brown) so difficult to export.
II. SEASON:
Sesame seeds can be planted year-round, but depending on terrain conditions of each region select the appropriate time to breed and bring economically efficient. Sesame is drought tolerant plants, but for good seed germination requirements must be moist soil, dry soil or water are made redundant germination weak and uneven.
1 Winter-Spring crop (DX): Sow from March 12-1dl, dl harvested 2-3 months, the case for the highest yield in years favorable for drying grain harvest and easy, bright colored beads less susceptible to mold attack. Growing sesame little tree DX lodging, less disease, but in Dong Thap in cycads DX difficult to compete with rice.
Spring Summer 2 (XH): Down like 2-3 months 5-6 dl dl and harvesting. This is the main crop in Dong Thap, this is fulfilled in the dry season. Although sesame is drought tolerant plants, but the plants will grow poorly if trees often lack water, the irrigation system should have reasonably.
Summer Collection 3 (HT) should be planted on high ground, good drainage to avoid flooding when rain much. Sowing in November 4-5 dl dl harvested in 6-7 months. This low yield crop, usually grown for seed for the next crop.
HARVEST - STORAGE:
Sesame bloom throughout the growing period, thereby determining the right time to harvest time will limit losses due to fruit cracking. Found two thirds of the harvest when fruit / tree and the leaves turn yellow (there are a few left under the tree with fruit cracking). Do not harvest early because there will be many floaters sesame reducing qualities.
When harvesting scythe can cut close to the root (the ground around 20-30cm), then bundle into bundles, huddled up in bundles to dry in the sun 3-4 fields, can then use throughout to reduce costs. Sesame after being transparent, clean and sifting for continued sun exposure 1-2, then cooled and stored.
Currently, there are ways to apply the new harvest is pumped into the water for a week before harvest fields flooded for 2 days, then draw the water to dry land.
Note: Sesame seeds are the dried fruits of self-reported, so be harvested at the right time to reduce losses. Recently harvested cycads, cycads are not material to the pile so will reduce grain quality.
* Storage:
+ If you do like to keep stored in bottles, jars jars containing seeds inside, on top of a layer of rice husk ash to absorb moisture. Note that taking the left in the middle of the tree to do the same.
+ Store for sale just for the cover and cool place.
Source Center for Agriculture - Fisheries Extension Dong Thap - http://tinhdoandongthap.org.vn/
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